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■ Green Synthesis of 5-Substituted-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles and 1-Sustituted-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles via [3+2] Cycloaddition by Reusable Immobilized AlCl3 on γ-Al2O3

Hemmaragala Marishetty Nanjundaswamy* and Heidi Abrahamse

*Laser Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, John Orr Building, Doornfontein Campus, 2028, South Africa

Abstract

We report the effectiveness of the surface modified γ-Al2O3 which is reusable, efficient, catalytic, safe and environmentally acceptable procedure for the conversion of both alkyl and aryl nitriles into the corresponding 5-substituted-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles via [3+2] cycloaddition with sodium azide in excellent yields at mild reaction conditions (50 °C). The catalyst also afforded 1-substituted-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles by the reaction of amines, sodium azide and triethyl orthoformate. The catalyst could be recycled and was reused eleven runs without losing its activity.