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Review | Regular issue | Vol 92, No. 3, 2016, pp.397-421
Published online, 28th January, 2016
DOI: 10.3987/REV-15-830
■ Total Biosynthesis of Fungal Indole Diterpenes Using Cell Factories

Atsushi Minami, Chengwei Liu, and Hideaki Oikawa*

*Division of Chemistry, Graduate School of Sceince, Hokkaido University, Kita 10 Nishi 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan

Abstract

Reconstitution of biosynthetic genes in a heterologous host is a newly emerging method for synthesis of fungal secondary metabolites. Application of this method to indole diterpenes is described. We have successfully elucidated all of the individual enzymatic steps and produced four representative indole diterpenes, paspaline, paxilline, aflatrem, and penitrem, at a yield of ~100 mg/L. These results confirmed that the Aspergillus oryzae expression system is highly reliable for elucidation of biosynthetic pathways, even those involving 17 enzymatic reactions.